AI interpretation based on checked source excerpts. Issuer assertions and evidence limitations remain explicit.
Policy quality-scores-2: six equally weighted categories. The overall score requires full coverage. Missing inputs are not zero. Qualitative grades are sourced interpretations, not probabilities. 4/6 · 18/10/2026
Moat69
Equal-weight average of four evidence-backed rubric grades (0–4), scaled to 100.
structural advantage · 3/4 · The installed engine base, aftermarket revenue dependence and fleet-wide service agreement demonstrate an embedded service franchise. Relative competitive costs and exclusivity remain unestablished.
durability · 3/4 · Large services obligations with recognition extending beyond 15 years and an actual long-term customer agreement support durability. Recognition expectations do not guarantee retention, profitability or immunity from retirement and substitution.
customer dependency · 3/4 · Fleet-wide engine support and growing shop activity demonstrate continuing demand. Dependency and retention are assessed indirectly from service relationships and operating activity, without a fabricated renewal rate.
erosion resilience · 2/4 · Delivery growth and achieved turnaround improvements demonstrate adaptation, but actual supply disruption, increased durability reserves and lower commercial segment margins show incomplete protection.
Pricing power63
Equal-weight average of four evidence-backed rubric grades (0–4), scaled to 100.
realized pricing · 3/4 · Reported equipment and services revenue growth explicitly includes improved pricing, demonstrating realized pricing rather than a stated intention. Increased allowances limit conclusions about net pricing strength.
retention · 3/4 · Ryanair's long-term fleet-wide agreement, new engine selections and increased service activity support repeat demand. This is indirect operating and contractual evidence, not a measured retention rate.
margin resilience · 2/4 · Annual operating margin improved in 2025, but commercial segment margin fell to 26.9% from 28.8% in the first half of 2026 despite profit growth and improved pricing. Results show mixed resilience; the passages do not isolate mix, inflation and reserve effects.
contractual freedom · 2/4 · Realized price improvements demonstrate some ability to adjust terms. Long-duration service commitments and government contract pricing and adjustment requirements constrain freedom. Commercial escalation and cancellation clauses are missing.
Predictability73
Five consecutive annual periods. Equal weights: nondeclining revenue frequency; revenue-growth volatility (5–40pp); positive FCF frequency; FCF-margin volatility (3–20pp). Stability indicator, not a growth forecast.
- Nondeclining revenue years (%)
- 50.00
- Revenue growth volatility (pp)
- 22.72
- Positive FCF years (%)
- 100.00
- FCF margin volatility (pp)
- 4.52
Financial strength—
Missing required inputs: netDebtEbitGrade. Equal-weight grades: debt/FCF (1–8x), net debt/earnings before interest and tax (0–5x), interest service (1–12x), current ratio (0.75–2x). Earnings use reported operating income, or reported pretax profit plus reported interest expense when operating income is unavailable. Interest service uses earnings/interest expense; if unavailable, it uses reported operating cash flow/cash interest paid, without relabeling cash paid as accrued expense. Nonpositive cash flow/earnings score 0 for their service component; reported zero interest with a positive numerator scores 100. Net cash scores 100 for net leverage. Missing disclosures remain unavailable. General nonfinancial-company rubric, not a credit rating; exceptional and nonoperating gains are not normalized out. IFRS finance-cost and cash-flow classifications retain their reported scope.
- debtFcfGrade
- 73.98
- interestCoverageGrade
- 78.90
- currentRatioGrade
- 23.32
- Debt / FCF (x)
- 2.82
- Current ratio (x)
- 1.04
- cashInterestPaid
- 882.00
- cashInterestCoverage
- 9.68
Capital allocation—
Missing required inputs: operatingReturn. Three-year equal-weight indicators: pretax return on average invested capital (0–25%; equity + debt − cash, each year and its prior year), share-count growth (0–5%, lower better), share-based cost/revenue (2–20%, lower better), consolidated FCF/net income (0–1x). Return uses reported operating income or, if unavailable, EBIT calculated from reported pretax profit plus reported interest expense; exceptional/nonoperating gains are not normalized out. Share-based cost uses the reported cash-flow add-back or, if absent, separately reported recognized compensation expense; the latter never becomes an FCF adjustment. Nonpositive net income scores 0 for cash conversion; absent income/FCF stays unavailable. Nonpositive invested capital has no defined return and remains unavailable. Does not establish acquisition quality or buyback timing.
- 3-year average dilution (%)
- -7.78
- 3-year average SBC / revenue (%)
- 0.63
- cashConversionGrade
- 58.71
Management69
Equal-weight average of four evidence-backed rubric grades (0–4), scaled to 100.
capital discipline · 2/4 · Operating cash generation rose, capital spending accompanied delivery growth, and the credit covenant was satisfied. Financing outflows exceeded operating cash inflows in the first half of 2026, with increased repurchases and dividends; investment returns and repurchase value creation are not established.
incentive alignment · 3/4 · Multi-year equity incentives include financial goals and a relative return modifier, with an actual historical downward PSU adjustment. Adjusted EPS is an identified metric for 2026 grants. Falling say-on-pay support and missing ownership and target details limit confidence in exceptional alignment.
execution · 3/4 · Actual delivery growth, rising operating cash generation, deployed durability kits and faster turnaround times support strong execution. Attribution to management is partly indirect; supply disruptions and durability reserves remain material counterevidence.
governance · 3/4 · Disclosed majority voting, annual elections, shareholder meeting rights, clawback and hedging restrictions, together with an independent Audit Committee, support strong formal safeguards. Nominee independence is not proof of subsequent election, and weaker say-on-pay support tempers the assessment.
Evidence
The Company’s installed base of approximately 50,000 commercial and 30,000 military engines, including parked aircraft in addition to fleet in service, supports its aftermarket services business, representing approximately 70% of revenue.
About GE Aerospace: installed engine base and aftermarket revenue · Filed 16/07/2026
Ryanair signed a long-term material services agreement to support Ryanair's entire fleet of about 2,000 CFM56 and LEAP engines powering its Boeing 737 aircraft.
Commercial Engines & Services: Ryanair long-term material services agreement · Filed 16/07/2026
We expect to recognize revenue as we satisfy our remaining performance obligations as follows: (1) equipment-related remaining performance obligation of $32,085 million, of which 32%, 54% and 91% is expected to be satisfied within 1, 2 and 5 years, respectively; and (2) services-related remaining performance obligation of $178,705 million, of which 12%, 40%, 66% and 82% is expected to be recognized within 1, 5, 10 and 15 years, respectively, and the remaining thereafter.
Segment disclosures: remaining performance obligations and recognition horizons · Filed 16/07/2026
Services revenue increased due to increased internal shop visit volume and workscopes, higher spare parts volume and pricing.
Consolidated results: services volume, workscopes and pricing · Filed 16/07/2026
Equipment revenue increased, driven by increased engine deliveries and improved pricing.
Consolidated results: equipment deliveries and improved pricing · Filed 16/07/2026
American Airlines and Copa Airlines selected LEAP engines for their narrowbody orders.
Commercial Engines & Services: customer engine selections · Filed 16/07/2026
Global material availability continues to cause disruptions and have impacted our production and delivery of equipment and services to our customers.
Business environment: realized material availability disruptions · Filed 16/07/2026
Sales discounts and allowances increased $956 million during the six months ended June 30, 2026, primarily due to increases in allowances on new engine installs and spare parts, as well as product durability reserves at CES.
Note 14: increased sales allowances and product durability reserves · Filed 16/07/2026
SEGMENT REVENUE AND PROFIT Three months ended June 30 Six months ended June 30 2026 2025 2026 2025 Equipment $ 2,297 $ 1,765 $ 4,399 $ 3,514 Services 7,434 5,881 14,251 10,796 Total segment revenue $ 9,731 $ 7,646 $ 18,650 $ 14,309 Segment profit $ 2,657 $ 2,208 $ 5,012 $ 4,118 Segment profit margin 27.3 % 28.9 % 26.9 % 28.8 % For the three months ended June 30, 2026, revenue was up $2.1 billion, or 27%, and profit was up $0.4 billion, or 20%, compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025.
Commercial Engines & Services: revenue, profit and margin comparisons · Filed 16/07/2026
Spare parts sales and aftermarket service trends are affected by similar factors, including usage, pricing, new product offerings, technological improvements, regulatory changes and the retirement of older aircraft.
Risk factors: aftermarket demand, pricing, technology and aircraft retirement · Filed 29/01/2026
These regulations impose a broad range of requirements, many of which are unique to government contracting, including various procurement, import and export, security, contract pricing and cost, contract termination and adjustment, audit, product integrity and government accounting requirements.
Government contracting: pricing, cost, termination and adjustment requirements · Filed 29/01/2026
These investments combined with improved material availability contributed to internal shop visit revenue growth of 30% in the first half of 2026, and total engine deliveries and LEAP engine deliveries increases of 37% and 41%, respectively.
Commercial Engines & Services: investment-linked shop activity and delivery growth · Filed 16/07/2026
We recently completed the certification for the LEAP 1-B durability kit, including the upgraded HPT blade, which is expected to deliver approximately double time-on-wing for that engine.
Commercial Engines & Services: durability-kit certification and expected performance · Filed 16/07/2026
Cash from operating activities was $5.1 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2026, an increase of $1.2 billion compared to 2025, primarily due to: an increase in net income (after adjusting for depreciation of property, plant, and equipment, and amortization of intangible assets) driven by all segments, an increase in sales discounts and allowances, and lower working capital growth, partially offset by an increase in cash used in All other operating activities.
Cash flows: operating cash generation and contributing factors · Filed 16/07/2026
Cash used for additions to property, plant and equipment and internal-use software net of dispositions (components of free cash flow*) was $0.6 billion and $0.5 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
Cash flows: capital expenditure and internal-use software spending · Filed 16/07/2026
Cash used for financing activities was $(6.4) billion for the six months ended June 30, 2026, an increase of $0.9 billion compared to 2025, primarily due to: an increase in treasury stock repurchases of $0.8 billion and higher dividends paid to shareholders of $0.2 billion, partially offset by lower debt maturities of $0.2 billion.
Cash flows: financing outflows, repurchases and dividends · Filed 16/07/2026
Our unused back-up revolving syndicated credit facility contains a customary net debt-to-EBITDA financial covenant, which we satisfied at June 30, 2026.
Liquidity: compliance with revolving credit facility covenant · Filed 16/07/2026
GAAP FY25 FY24 Y/Y REPORTED NON-GAAP* FY25 FY24 Y/Y REPORTED Total Revenue $ 45,855 $ 38,702 18 % Adjusted Revenue $ 42,322 $ 35,121 21 % Profit $ 10,000 $ 7,620 31 % Operating Profit $ 9,055 $ 7,253 25 % Profit Margin 21.8% 19.7% 210 bps Operating Profit Margin 21.4% 20.7% 70 bps Continuing EPS $ 8.05 $ 6.09 32 % Adjusted EPS $ 6.37 $ 4.60 38 % Cash from Operating Activities $ 8,543 $ 5,817 47 % Free Cash Flow (FCF) $ 7,694 $ 6,203 24% * Non-GAAP Financial Measures.
Building Momentum: 2025 and 2024 financial results · Filed 12/03/2026
Fixed Performance‑Based / At‑Risk Short‑Term Incentive Long‑Term Equity‑Based Incentive (generally 3‑year vesting) Component SALARY ANNUAL BONUS PERFORMANCE STOCK UNITS STOCK OPTIONS RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS Link to Shareholder Value Provides competitive base pay aligned with roles and responsibilities to attract and retain top talent Incentivizes delivery on annual investor framework Serves as key compensation vehicle for differentiating performance each year Focus on achievement of financial performance goals aligned with our operating and strategic plans, with a relative TSR modifier based on three‑year return from stock price appreciation and dividends Provide a significant stake in the long‑term financial success of GE Aerospace that is aligned with shareholder interests, and promote employee retention Reward stock price appreciation over time Provide for additional ownership stake in the company, and promote employee retention Target Annual Program Compensation The table below shows the total target annual program compensation for our current named executives as of December 31, 2025.
Compensation: incentive structure, financial goals and relative shareholder return modifier · Filed 12/03/2026
Conversely, our TSR performance being below that of the peer group for 2021 and 2022 adversely affected our named executives’ equity award compensation, resulting in a downward adjustment to the value of the 2021 PSU awards, for which three‑year TSR performance is a modifier.
Pay versus performance: realized downward adjustment to 2021 PSU awards · Filed 12/03/2026
We received 71% support for our say-on-pay vote in 2025, following support of 94% in 2024 and 94% in 2023.
Compensation: historical say-on-pay voting support · Filed 12/03/2026
Member Chair Financial Expert Key Corporate Governance Practices •8 out of 9 director nominees are independent •Annual election of all directors by majority vote •No supermajority vote provisions in governing documents •Annual review of Board leadership structure •Annual Board and committee self‑evaluations •Strong lead director with clearly delineated duties •Dual‑pronged Board refreshment mechanisms (age & term limits) •Regular executive sessions of independent directors •Board and committees may hire outside advisors independently of management •Proactive year‑round shareholder engagement program •Rigorous succession planning for key leadership roles •Clawback policy that applies to all cash and equity incentive awards •Prohibition on hedging & pledging •Strong stock ownership guidelines •“Overboarding” limits for directors •No poison pill or dual‑class shares •Shareholder right to call special meetings (at 10%) •Proxy access by‑law provisions on market terms •Shareholder approval of certain severance benefits GE Aerospace 2026 Proxy Statement 7 Governance Nominee Biographies H.
Governance: shareholder rights, board practices and compensation safeguards · Filed 12/03/2026
The Board of Directors, through its Audit Committee, which consists entirely of independent directors, meets periodically with management, internal auditors and our independent registered public accounting firm to ensure that each is meeting its responsibilities and to discuss matters concerning internal controls and financial reporting.
Financial reporting oversight: independent Audit Committee · Filed 29/01/2026
•Continued to advance technologies to deliver greater durability and predictability for customers, including deploying ~1,450 LEAP-1A durability kits to customers across new engine production and global overhaul shops since certification and improving turnaround times for the LEAP, CFM56, and GE90 by over 10% year-over-year in the fourth quarter of 2025.
Building Momentum: deployed durability kits and achieved turnaround improvements · Filed 12/03/2026
We also use Adjusted EPS* as a performance metric at the company level for our performance stock units granted in 2026.
Non-GAAP measures: Adjusted EPS used for PSUs granted in 2026 · Filed 16/07/2026
